General Information of the Protein
Protein ID
PT01854
Protein Name
Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2
Secondarily
Protein Name
Erythrocyte transglutaminase
Heart G alpha(h)
Isopeptidase TGM2
Protein G alpha(h)
Protein-glutamine deamidase TGM2
Protein-glutamine dopaminyltransferase TGM2
Protein-glutamine histaminyltransferase TGM2
Protein-glutamine noradrenalinyltransferase TGM2
Protein-glutamine serotonyltransferase TGM2
Tissue transglutaminase
Transglutaminase C
Transglutaminase H
Transglutaminase II
Transglutaminase-2
Gene Name
TGM2
Sequence
MAEELVLERCDLELETNGRDHHTADLCREKLVVRRGQPFWLTLHFEGRNYEASVDSLTFSVVTGPAPSQEAGTKARFPLRDAVEEGDWTATVVDQQDCTLSLQLTTPANAPIGLYRLSLEASTGYQGSSFVLGHFILLFNAWCPADAVYLDSEEERQEYVLTQQGFIYQGSAKFIKNIPWNFGQFEDGILDICLILLDVNPKFLKNAGRDCSRRSSPVYVGRVVSGMVNCNDDQGVLLGRWDNNYGDGVSPMSWIGSVDILRRWKNHGCQRVKYGQCWVFAAVACTVLRCLGIPTRVVTNYNSAHDQNSNLLIEYFRNEFGEIQGDKSEMIWNFHCWVESWMTRPDLQPGYEGWQALDPTPQEKSEGTYCCGPVPVRAIKEGDLSTKYDAPFVFAEVNADVVDWIQQDDGSVHKSINRSLIVGLKISTKSVGRDEREDITHTYKYPEGSSEEREAFTRANHLNKLAEKEETGMAMRIRVGQSMNMGSDFDVFAHITNNTAEEYVCRLLLCARTVSYNGILGPECGTKYLLNLNLEPFSEKSVPLCILYEKYRDCLTESNLIKVRALLVEPVINSYLLAERDLYLENPEIKIRILGEPKQKRKLVAEVSLQNPLPVALEGCTFTVEGAGLTEEQKTVEIPDPVEAGEEVKVRMDLLPLHMGLHKLVVNFESDKLKAVKGFRNVIIGPA
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Organism
Homo sapiens, Human
Protein Classification
Enzyme
>
Aminoacyltransferase
>
Protein-glutamine glutamyl-transferase
Function
Calcium-dependent acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, such as gamma-amino group of peptide-bound lysine, or mono- and polyamines, thereby producing cross-linked or aminated proteins, respectively (PubMed:9252372, PubMed:23941696, PubMed:31991788). Involved in many biological processes, such as bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification and apoptosis (PubMed:1683874, PubMed:7935379, PubMed:9252372, PubMed:27270573). Acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of proteins, such as ACO2, HSPB6, FN1, HMGB1, RAP1GDS1, SLC25A4/ANT1, SPP1 and WDR54 (PubMed:23941696, PubMed:24349085, PubMed:29618516, PubMed:30458214). Under physiological conditions, the protein cross-linking activity is inhibited by GTP; inhibition is relieved by Ca(2+) in response to various stresses (PubMed:7649299, PubMed:7592956, PubMed:18092889). When secreted, catalyzes cross-linking of proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as FN1 and SPP1 resulting in the formation of scaffolds (PubMed:12506096). Plays a key role during apoptosis, both by (1) promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins resulting in condensation of the cytoplasm, and by (2) mediating cross-linking proteins of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize the integrity of the dying cells before their clearance by phagocytosis, thereby preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components (PubMed:7935379, PubMed:9252372). In addition to protein cross-linking, can use different monoamine substrates to catalyze a vast array of protein post-translational modifications: mediates aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline or histamine into glutamine residues of target proteins to generate protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation or histaminylation, respectively (PubMed:23797785, PubMed:30867594). Mediates protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets, leading to constitutive activation of these GTPases (By similarity). Plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3 (PubMed:30867594, PubMed:32273471). Catalyzes serotonylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594). Acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons: catalyzes dopaminylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5dop), thereby regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (PubMed:32273471). Regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2 (By similarity). Also acts as a protein deamidase by mediating the side chain deamidation of specific glutamine residues of proteins to glutamate (PubMed:9623982, PubMed:20547769). Catalyzes specific deamidation of protein gliadin, a component of wheat gluten in the diet (PubMed:9623982). May also act as an isopeptidase cleaving the previously formed cross-links (PubMed:26250429, PubMed:27131890). Also able to participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity: acts as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism (PubMed:8943303).
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Uniprot ID
Primary ID:
P21980

Secondarily ID:
E1P5V9
Q16436
Q6B838
Q9BTN7
Q9H035
Q9UH35
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Ensembl ID
ENSG00000198959
HGNC ID
HGNC:11778
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm
Cytosol
Nucleus
Chromosome
Secreted
Extracellular space
Extracellular matrix
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Map of Molecular Bioactivity Related to the Protein
Map of Molecular Bioactivity Related to the Protein

Protein
Cell Line
Compound

Bioactivity Value:

<= 0.1 μM
> 0.1 μM and <= 10 μM
> 10 μM
Imprecise Activity
Table of Molecular Bioactivities Related to the Protein
Cell Line ID: CL000006 , HEK293
Compound ID Compound Name Compound Formula
CP0160439
N-[4-[4-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H26N4O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 360 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0313126
N-[4-[4-(3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2H-quinoline-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C23H32N4O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 450 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0140164
tert-butyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C18H25N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 620 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0161111
N-[4-[4-(adamantane-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C24H31N3O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 770 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0141794
N-[4-[4-(4,4-difluoropiperidine-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H24F2N4O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 810 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0165865
N-[4-[4-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H22N4O3S
 1
1
IC50 = 990 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0089579
ethyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C16H21N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 1100 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0139651
N-[4-[4-(cyclopentanecarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H25N3O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 1200 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0661209
rac-trans-N-{4-[4-(2-Phenylcyclopropanecarbonyl)piperazine-1-sulfonyl]phenyl}acrylamide
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C23H25N3O4S
 1
1
IC50 = 1200 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0088761
(2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C21H21F2N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 1600 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0237079
N-[4-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H19F3N4O3S
 1
1
IC50 = 1800 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0061803
(3,5-difluorophenyl)methyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C21H21F2N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 3000 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0140178
benzyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonyl-1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate
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C22H25N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 3200 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0314112
benzyl N-[1-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperidin-4-yl]carbamate
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C22H25N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 5000 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0237082
N-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonylphenyl)prop-2-enamide
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C13H16N2O3S
 1
1
IC50 = 20300 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
CP0249787
tert-butyl 4-[4-[methyl(prop-2-enoyl)amino]phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C19H27N3O5S
 1
1
IC50 = 32000 nM
   TI
   LI
   LO
   TS
Biochemical Assays
Compound ID Compound Name Compound Formula
CP0161111
N-[4-[4-(adamantane-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C24H31N3O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 10 nM
CP0080892
N-[(5S)-6-[4-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-6-oxo-5-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]hexyl]prop-2-enamide
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C27H35N5O3
 3
1 IC50 = 14 nM
2 IC50 = 310 nM
3 Ki = 5730 nM
CP0165865
N-[4-[4-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H22N4O3S
 1
1 IC50 = 25 nM
CP0313126
N-[4-[4-(3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2H-quinoline-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C23H32N4O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 26 nM
CP0139651
N-[4-[4-(cyclopentanecarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H25N3O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 32 nM
CP0661209
rac-trans-N-{4-[4-(2-Phenylcyclopropanecarbonyl)piperazine-1-sulfonyl]phenyl}acrylamide
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C23H25N3O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 34 nM
CP0160439
N-[4-[4-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H26N4O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 37 nM
CP0141794
N-[4-[4-(4,4-difluoropiperidine-1-carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H24F2N4O4S
 1
1 IC50 = 41 nM
CP0088761
(2,3-difluorophenyl)methyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C21H21F2N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 46 nM
CP0061803
(3,5-difluorophenyl)methyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C21H21F2N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 70 nM
CP0089579
ethyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C16H21N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 72 nM
CP0237079
N-[4-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]piperazin-1-yl]sulfonylphenyl]prop-2-enamide
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C19H19F3N4O3S
 1
1 IC50 = 76 nM
CP0073732
N-[(5S)-6-[4-(6-nitropyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-6-oxo-5-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]hexyl]prop-2-enamide
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C26H32N6O5
 2
1 IC50 = 100 nM
2 Ki = 2260 nM
CP0198876
N-[(5S)-6-[4-(6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-6-oxo-5-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]hexyl]prop-2-enamide
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C26H32FN5O3
 2
1 IC50 = 110 nM
2 Ki = 6280 nM
CP0140164
tert-butyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C18H25N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 120 nM
CP0314112
benzyl N-[1-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonylpiperidin-4-yl]carbamate
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C22H25N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 220 nM
CP0140178
benzyl 4-[4-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenyl]sulfonyl-1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate
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C22H25N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 460 nM
CP0237082
N-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonylphenyl)prop-2-enamide
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C13H16N2O3S
 1
1 IC50 = 1900 nM
CP0249787
tert-butyl 4-[4-[methyl(prop-2-enoyl)amino]phenyl]sulfonylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
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C19H27N3O5S
 1
1 IC50 = 4500 nM
Clinical Information about the Protein
Target 1 ( Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) )
Target Type Clinical trial Target
Disease 1 Target-related Disease  1
1 Coeliac disease [ICD-11: DA95]
Clinical Trial Drug(s) 1 Clinical Trial Drug  1
1 ZED1227 Phase 2
Coeliac disease